ISLAM DAN MODERNITAS : Penafsiran Muhammad Ḥusain Ṭabāṭabāʾī dalam Al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur'ān

Robby Hidayatul Ilmi

doi:10.47454/alitqan.v10i2.1181

Penulis

Robby Hidayatul Ilmi Universitas PTIQ Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47454/alitqan.v10i2.1181

Kata Kunci:

modernity; rationalism; modernist tafsir; Ṭabāṭabāʾī

Abstrak

Artikel ini mencoba untuk menganalisis respons Muhammad Ḥusain Ṭabāṭabāʾī terhadap modernitas dalam Tafsīr al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān, dengan menempatkannya dalam lanskap perdebatan Muslim mengenai rasionalisme, empirisme, dan sekularisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan desain studi pemikiran tokoh. Data primer berupa teks al-Mīzān dianalisis melalui analisis isi tematik, kemudian dipetakan menggunakan kerangka “tafsir modernis” Abdullah Saeed untuk mengidentifikasi pola adopsi, negosiasi, dan kritik terhadap modernitas. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ṭabāṭabāʾī merepresentasikan posisi ganda: di satu sisi mengadopsi unsur modern seperti sikap kritis terhadap tradisi, pendekatan rasional dan linguistik, keterbukaan lintas mazhab, serta penegasan metode tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi al-Qur’ān; di sisi lain ia secara tegas mengkritik reduksionisme saintifik dan subordinasi wahyu di bawah epistemologi empirisme Barat. Berbasis filsafat al-hikmah al-muta‘āliyah, ia mempertahankan dimensi metafisik dan mistik al-Qur’an sembari tetap membuka ruang dialog rasional dengan pemikiran modern. Kontribusi artikel ini terletak pada penegasan bahwa respons terhadap modernitas dalam tradisi Syi‘ah tidak bersifat monolitik, melainkan menghadirkan model sintesis kritis antara rasionalitas dan transendensi. Dengan demikian, Ṭabāṭabāʾī menunjukkan kemungkinan epistemologi tafsir yang modern sekaligus kritis terhadap hegemoni intelektual Barat.

Unduhan

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